9.4 Chapter Summary

As you can see, there are many perspectives on how and when (and maybe even if!) technology should be integrated into the learning environment. Perspectives range from Clark’s (1983, 1994) focus on cost and efficiency to the complex interaction of Mishra and Koehler’s (2006) TPACK framework. For researchers, technology integration is likely to remain a active area of inquiry in the field for the foreseeable future. For teachers, there will be no easy answers, but your awareness of the complexity of the issue will help you remain a reflective practitioner.